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Private Structure INPUT
<FieldOffset(0)> Dim dwType As Integer
<FieldOffset(4)> Dim mouseInput As mouseInput
<FieldOffset(4)> Dim keyboardInput As KEYBDINPUT
<FieldOffset(4)> Dim hardwareInput As hardwareInput
End Structure
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)> _
Private Structure KEYBDINPUT
<FieldOffset(0)> Public wVk As Short
<FieldOffset(2)> Public wScan As Short
<FieldOffset(4)> Public dwFlags As Integer
<FieldOffset(8)> Public time As Integer
<FieldOffset(12)> Public dwExtraInfo As IntPtr
End Structure
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)> _
Private Structure HARDWAREINPUT
<FieldOffset(0)> Public uMsg As Integer
<FieldOffset(4)> Public wParamL As Short
<FieldOffset(6)> Public wParamH As Short
End Structure
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)> _
Private Structure MOUSEINPUT
<FieldOffset(0)> Public dx As Integer
<FieldOffset(4)> Public dy As Integer
<FieldOffset(8)> Public mouseData As Integer
<FieldOffset(12)> Public dwFlags As Integer
<FieldOffset(16)> Public time As Integer
<FieldOffset(20)> Public dwExtraInfo As IntPtr
End Structure
Notes:
None.
Tips & Tricks:
Please add some!
Sample Code:
// It might be better to write this code as a single call to SendInput passing
// all the key downs and keys ups in one array. If you do this, SendInput
// guarantees that no other keys get inbetween the whole sequence. As is stands,
// a "real" key transition could in theory sneak in the middle - and if it did
// it would inherit the states of shift, control, etc this program had set up.
class Test
{
public enum VK : ushort
{
SHIFT = 0x10,
CONTROL = 0x11,
MENU = 0x12,
ESCAPE = 0x1B,
BACK = 0x08,
TAB = 0x09,
RETURN = 0x0D,
PRIOR = 0x21,
NEXT = 0x22,
END = 0x23,
HOME = 0x24,
LEFT = 0x25,
UP = 0x26,
RIGHT = 0x27,
DOWN = 0x28,
SELECT = 0x29,
PRINT = 0x2A,
EXECUTE = 0x2B,
SNAPSHOT = 0x2C,
INSERT = 0x2D,
DELETE = 0x2E,
HELP = 0x2F,
NUMPAD0 = 0x60,
NUMPAD1 = 0x61,
NUMPAD2 = 0x62,
NUMPAD3 = 0x63,
NUMPAD4 = 0x64,
NUMPAD5 = 0x65,
NUMPAD6 = 0x66,
NUMPAD7 = 0x67,
NUMPAD8 = 0x68,
NUMPAD9 = 0x69,
MULTIPLY = 0x6A,
ADD = 0x6B,
SEPARATOR = 0x6C,
SUBTRACT = 0x6D,
DECIMAL = 0x6E,
DIVIDE = 0x6F,
F1 = 0x70,
F2 = 0x71,
F3 = 0x72,
F4 = 0x73,
F5 = 0x74,
F6 = 0x75,
F7 = 0x76,
F8 = 0x77,
F9 = 0x78,
F10 = 0x79,
F11 = 0x7A,
F12 = 0x7B,
OEM_1 = 0xBA, // ',:' for US
OEM_PLUS = 0xBB, // '+' any country
OEM_COMMA = 0xBC, // ',' any country
OEM_MINUS = 0xBD, // '-' any country
OEM_PERIOD = 0xBE, // '.' any country
OEM_2 = 0xBF, // '/?' for US
OEM_3 = 0xC0, // '`~' for US
MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK = 0xB0,
MEDIA_PREV_TRACK = 0xB1,
MEDIA_STOP = 0xB2,
MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE = 0xB3,
LWIN =0x5B,
RWIN =0x5C
}
public struct KEYBDINPUT
{
public WORD wVk;
public WORD wScan;
public DWORD dwFlags;
public LONG time;
public DWORD dwExtraInfo;
};
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit,Size=28)]
public struct INPUT
{
[FieldOffset(0)] public DWORD type;
[FieldOffset(4)] public KEYBDINPUT ki;
};
// Key down shift, ctrl, and/or alt
structInput.ki.wScan = 0;
structInput.ki.time = 0;
structInput.ki.dwFlags = 0;
structInput.ki.dwExtraInfo = Win32.GetMessageExtraInfo();
if (Shift)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.SHIFT;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Ctrl)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.CONTROL;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Alt)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.MENU;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Win)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.LWIN;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
// Key down the actual key-code
structInput.ki.wVk = vk;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
// Key up the actual key-code
structInput.ki.dwFlags = Win32Consts.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
// Key up shift, ctrl, and/or alt
if (Shift)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.SHIFT;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Ctrl)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.CONTROL;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Alt)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.MENU;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Win)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.LWIN;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
}
}
VB.NET Sample Code:
Private Sub SendInputStream()
' Synthesize the user clicking the right mouse button.
Dim inputevents As New Input ' holds information about each event
Dim mouseevent As MOUSEINPUT ' temporarily hold mouse input info
' Load the information needed to synthesize pressing the right mouse button.
inputevents.mouseInput.dx = 0 ' no horizontal movement
inputevents.mouseInput.dy = 0 ' no vertical movement
inputevents.mouseInput.mouseData = 0 ' not needed
inputevents.mouseInput.dwFlags = MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTDOWN ' right button down
inputevents.mouseInput.time = 0 ' use the default
inputevents.mouseInput.dwExtraInfo = GetMessageExtraInfo() ' not needed
' Copy the structure into the input array's buffer.
inputevents.dwType = INPUT_MOUSE ' mouse input
' Now that all the information for the four input events has been placed
' into the array, finally send it into the input stream.
SendInput(1, inputevents, Marshal.SizeOf(inputevents)) ' place the events into the stream
' Do the same as above, but for releasing the right mouse button.
inputevents.mouseInput.dx = 0 ' no horizontal movement
inputevents.mouseInput.dy = 0 ' no vertical movement
inputevents.mouseInput.mouseData = 0 ' not needed
inputevents.mouseInput.dwFlags = MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTUP ' right button up
inputevents.mouseInput.time = 0 ' use the default
inputevents.mouseInput.dwExtraInfo = GetMessageExtraInfo() ' not needed
' Copy the structure into the input array's buffer.
inputevents.dwType = INPUT_MOUSE ' mouse input
SendInput(1, inputevents, Marshal.SizeOf(inputevents)) ' place the events into the stream
End Sub
Alternative Managed API:
Do you know one? Please contribute it!
ByVal is a VB keyword that specifies a variable to be passed as a parameter BY VALUE. In other words, if the function or sub changes the value of the internal variable, it does not change the value of the external variable that was passed to it.
4/25/2007 3:19:55 AM - josep1er@cmich.edu-141.209.229.179
ByRef is a VB keyword that specifies a variable to be passed as a parameter BY REFERENCE. In other words, the pointer to the variable is passed and any change to its value made within the function or sub will change its value outside the function/sub.
4/25/2007 3:19:29 AM - anonymous
ByVal is a VB keyword that specifies a variable to be passed as a parameter BY VALUE. In other words, if the function or sub changes the value of the internal variable, it does not change the value of the external variable that was passed to it.
4/25/2007 3:19:55 AM - josep1er@cmich.edu-141.209.229.179
TODO - a short description
3/16/2007 8:17:31 AM - -63.69.129.2
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