C# Signature:
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern uint SendInput(uint nInputs, INPUT [] pInputs, int cbSize);
VB.NET Signature:
Private Declare Function SendInput Lib "user32.dll" (ByVal cInputs As Integer, ByRef pInputs As INPUT, ByVal cbSize As Integer) As Integer
C# User-Defined Types:
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct MOUSEINPUT
{
int dx;
int dy;
int mouseData;
int dwFlags;
int time;
IntPtr dwExtraInfo;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct KEYBDINPUT
{
short wVk;
short wScan;
int dwFlags;
int time;
IntPtr dwExtraInfo;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct HARDWAREINPUT
{
int uMsg;
short wParamL;
short wParamH;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
struct INPUT
{
[FieldOffset(0)] int type;
[FieldOffset(4)] MOUSEINPUT mi;
[FieldOffset(4)] KEYBDINPUT ki;
[FieldOffset(4)] HARDWAREINPUT hi;
}
VB.NET User-Defined Types:
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)> _
Private Structure INPUT
<FieldOffset(0)> Dim dwType As Integer
<FieldOffset(4)> Dim mouseInput As mouseInput
<FieldOffset(4)> Dim keyboardInput As KEYBDINPUT
<FieldOffset(4)> Dim hardwareInput As hardwareInput
End Structure
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)> _
Private Structure KEYBDINPUT
<FieldOffset(0)> Public wVk As Short
<FieldOffset(2)> Public wScan As Short
<FieldOffset(4)> Public dwFlags As Integer
<FieldOffset(8)> Public time As Integer
<FieldOffset(12)> Public dwExtraInfo As IntPtr
End Structure
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)> _
Private Structure HARDWAREINPUT
<FieldOffset(0)> Public uMsg As Integer
<FieldOffset(4)> Public wParamL As Short
<FieldOffset(6)> Public wParamH As Short
End Structure
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)> _
Private Structure MOUSEINPUT
<FieldOffset(0)> Public dx As Integer
<FieldOffset(4)> Public dy As Integer
<FieldOffset(8)> Public mouseData As Integer
<FieldOffset(12)> Public dwFlags As Integer
<FieldOffset(16)> Public time As Integer
<FieldOffset(20)> Public dwExtraInfo As IntPtr
End Structure
Notes:
None.
Tips & Tricks:
Please add some!
Sample Code:
// It might be better to write this code as a single call to SendInput passing
// all the key downs and keys ups in one array. If you do this, SendInput
// guarantees that no other keys get inbetween the whole sequence. As is stands,
// a "real" key transition could in theory sneak in the middle - and if it did
// it would inherit the states of shift, control, etc this program had set up.
class Test
{
public enum VK : ushort
{
SHIFT = 0x10,
CONTROL = 0x11,
MENU = 0x12,
ESCAPE = 0x1B,
BACK = 0x08,
TAB = 0x09,
RETURN = 0x0D,
PRIOR = 0x21,
NEXT = 0x22,
END = 0x23,
HOME = 0x24,
LEFT = 0x25,
UP = 0x26,
RIGHT = 0x27,
DOWN = 0x28,
SELECT = 0x29,
PRINT = 0x2A,
EXECUTE = 0x2B,
SNAPSHOT = 0x2C,
INSERT = 0x2D,
DELETE = 0x2E,
HELP = 0x2F,
NUMPAD0 = 0x60,
NUMPAD1 = 0x61,
NUMPAD2 = 0x62,
NUMPAD3 = 0x63,
NUMPAD4 = 0x64,
NUMPAD5 = 0x65,
NUMPAD6 = 0x66,
NUMPAD7 = 0x67,
NUMPAD8 = 0x68,
NUMPAD9 = 0x69,
MULTIPLY = 0x6A,
ADD = 0x6B,
SEPARATOR = 0x6C,
SUBTRACT = 0x6D,
DECIMAL = 0x6E,
DIVIDE = 0x6F,
F1 = 0x70,
F2 = 0x71,
F3 = 0x72,
F4 = 0x73,
F5 = 0x74,
F6 = 0x75,
F7 = 0x76,
F8 = 0x77,
F9 = 0x78,
F10 = 0x79,
F11 = 0x7A,
F12 = 0x7B,
OEM_1 = 0xBA, // ',:' for US
OEM_PLUS = 0xBB, // '+' any country
OEM_COMMA = 0xBC, // ',' any country
OEM_MINUS = 0xBD, // '-' any country
OEM_PERIOD = 0xBE, // '.' any country
OEM_2 = 0xBF, // '/?' for US
OEM_3 = 0xC0, // '`~' for US
MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK = 0xB0,
MEDIA_PREV_TRACK = 0xB1,
MEDIA_STOP = 0xB2,
MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE = 0xB3,
LWIN =0x5B,
RWIN =0x5C
}
public struct KEYBDINPUT
{
<FieldOffset(0)>public ushort wVk;
<FieldOffset(4)>public ushort wScan;
<FieldOffset(8)>public uint dwFlags;
<FieldOffset(12)>public long time;
<FieldOffset(16)>public uint dwExtraInfo;
};
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit,Size=28)]
public struct INPUT
{
<FieldOffset(0)> public uint type;
<FieldOffset(4)> public KEYBDINPUT ki;
};
void Test()
{
INPUT structInput;
structInput = new INPUT();
structInput.type = Win32Consts.INPUT_KEYBOARD;
// Key down shift, ctrl, and/or alt
structInput.ki.wScan = 0;
structInput.ki.time = 0;
structInput.ki.dwFlags = 0;
structInput.ki.dwExtraInfo = Win32.GetMessageExtraInfo();
if (Shift)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.SHIFT;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Ctrl)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.CONTROL;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Alt)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.MENU;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Win)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.LWIN;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
// Key down the actual key-code
structInput.ki.wVk = vk;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
// Key up the actual key-code
structInput.ki.dwFlags = Win32Consts.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
// Key up shift, ctrl, and/or alt
if (Shift)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.SHIFT;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Ctrl)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.CONTROL;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Alt)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.MENU;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
if (Win)
{
structInput.ki.wVk = (ushort)VK.LWIN;
intReturn = Win32.SendInput(1, ref structInput, (UInt32)sizeof(INPUT));
}
}
}
VB.NET Sample Code:
Private Sub SendInputStream()
' Synthesize the user clicking the right mouse button.
Dim inputevents As New Input ' holds information about each event
Dim mouseevent As MOUSEINPUT ' temporarily hold mouse input info
' Load the information needed to synthesize pressing the right mouse button.
inputevents.mouseInput.dx = 0 ' no horizontal movement
inputevents.mouseInput.dy = 0 ' no vertical movement
inputevents.mouseInput.mouseData = 0 ' not needed
inputevents.mouseInput.dwFlags = MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTDOWN ' right button down
inputevents.mouseInput.time = 0 ' use the default
inputevents.mouseInput.dwExtraInfo = GetMessageExtraInfo() ' not needed
' Copy the structure into the input array's buffer.
inputevents.dwType = INPUT_MOUSE ' mouse input
' Now that all the information for the four input events has been placed
' into the array, finally send it into the input stream.
SendInput(1, inputevents, Marshal.SizeOf(inputevents)) ' place the events into the stream
' Do the same as above, but for releasing the right mouse button.
inputevents.mouseInput.dx = 0 ' no horizontal movement
inputevents.mouseInput.dy = 0 ' no vertical movement
inputevents.mouseInput.mouseData = 0 ' not needed
inputevents.mouseInput.dwFlags = MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTUP ' right button up
inputevents.mouseInput.time = 0 ' use the default
inputevents.mouseInput.dwExtraInfo = GetMessageExtraInfo() ' not needed
' Copy the structure into the input array's buffer.
inputevents.dwType = INPUT_MOUSE ' mouse input
SendInput(1, inputevents, Marshal.SizeOf(inputevents)) ' place the events into the stream
End Sub
Alternative Managed API:
Do you know one? Please contribute it!
