C# Signature:

[DllImport("ODBCCP32.DLL",CharSet=CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError=true)]
static extern bool SQLConfigDataSourceW(IntPtr hwndParent , RequestFlags fRequest, string lpszDriver, string lpszAttributes);

VB Signature:

<DllImport("ODBCCP32.dll",CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.WinAPI,CharSet:=CharSet.Unicode,SetLastError:=True)> _
Public Shared Function SQLConfigDataSourceW(ByVal hwndParent As IntPtr, ByVal fRequest As UShort, ByVal lpszDriver As String, ByVal lpszAttributes As String) As Boolean

User-Defined Types:

enum RequestFlags : ushort

{

    ODBC_ADD_DSN = 1,
    ODBC_CONFIG_DSN = 2,
    ODBC_REMOVE_DSN = 3,
    ODBC_ADD_SYS_DSN = 4,
    ODBC_CONFIG_SYS_DSN = 5,
    ODBC_REMOVE_SYS_DSN = 6,
    ODBC_REMOVE_DEFAULT_DSN = 7

}

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/126606/EN-US/

hwndParent:

Use IntPtr.Zero if no window is desired.

Using the value of this.Handle from within a Windows Forms application's form control will cause SQLConfigDataSource to display a dialog to the user that is pre-populated with the provided attribute values.

lpszAttributes:

Supports Name value pairs. Each value pair must be terminated by a null character.

Notes:

One of the more popular uses for this is manipulating mdb database files. This is the file format used by Microsoft Access. You can create, compact and repair mdb files with this function.

The SQLConfigDataSourceW function is the Unicode variant of this function.

Tips & Tricks:

When constructing the attrubute strings be sure to put quotes around the file name. Otherwise, if there are spaces in the file name the function call will fail.

EG:
String.Format("CREATE_DBV4=\"{0}\" General\0", FileName);

Sample Code:

C#

This class allows you to Create, Compact, and Repair Microsoft Access Databases.

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace PInvoke
{
    /// <summary>
    /// JetSQL is the "code name" for the SQL engine behind Microsoft Access. It's
    /// actually built into Windows, Microsoft Access is just a front end interface
    /// for the Jet Engine.
    /// </summary>
    public static class JetSql
    {
        // The driver to use for the datasource.
        private const string MS_ACCESS_DRIVER = "Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)";

        private enum RequestFlags : ushort
        {
            ODBC_ADD_DSN = 1,            // Add a new user data source.
            ODBC_CONFIG_DSN = 2,         // Configure (modify) an existing user data source.
            ODBC_REMOVE_DSN = 3,         // Remove an existing user data source.
            ODBC_ADD_SYS_DSN = 4,        // Add a new system data source.
            ODBC_CONFIG_SYS_DSN = 5,         // Modify an existing system data source.
            ODBC_REMOVE_SYS_DSN = 6,         // Remove an existing system data source.
            ODBC_REMOVE_DEFAULT_DSN = 7      // Remove the default data source specification section from the system information.
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// A method to dynamically add DSN-names to the system. This method also
        /// aids with the creation, and subsequent manipulation, of Microsoft
        /// Access database files.
        /// <see cref="http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/odbc/htm/odbcsqlconfigdatasource.asp"/>
        /// </summary>
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hwndParent">Parent window handle. The function will not display
        /// any dialog boxes if the handle is null.</param>
        /// <param name="fRequest">One of the OdbcConstant enum values to specify the
        /// type of the request (RequestFlags.ODBC_ADD_DSN to create an MDB).</param>
        /// <param name="lpszDriver">Driver description (usually the name of the
        /// associated DBMS) presented to users instead of the physical driver name.</param>
        /// <param name="lpszAttributes">List of attributes in the form of keyword-value
        /// pairs. For more information, see
        /// <see cref="http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/odbc/htm/odbcconfigdsn.asp">ConfigDSN</see>
        /// in Chapter 22: Setup DLL Function Reference.</param>
        /// <returns>The function returns TRUE if it is successful, FALSE if it fails.
        /// If no entry exists in the system information when this function is called,
        /// the function returns FALSE.</returns>
        [DllImport("ODBCCP32.DLL", CharSet=CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError=true)]
        private static extern bool SQLConfigDataSourceW(UInt32 hwndParent , RequestFlags fRequest, string lpszDriver, string lpszAttributes);

        /// <summary>
        /// Compacts an MS Access database.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="DatabasePath">The path of the database to be compacted.</param>
        /// <returns>A boolean value indicating success.</returns>
        public static bool CompactDatabase(string DatabasePath)
        {
            string attributes = String.Format("COMPACT_DB=\"{0}\" \"{0}\" General\0", DatabasePath);
            return SQLConfigDataSourceW(NULL_HWND, RequestFlags.ODBC_ADD_DSN, MS_ACCESS_DRIVER, attributes);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates an MS Access database.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="DatabasePath">The path of the database to be created.</param>
        /// <returns>A boolean value indicating success.</returns>
        public static bool CreateDatabase(string DatabasePath)
        {
            string attributes = String.Format("CREATE_DB=\"{0}\" General\0", DatabasePath);
            return SQLConfigDataSourceW(IntPtr.Zero, RequestFlags.ODBC_ADD_DSN, MS_ACCESS_DRIVER, attributes);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Repairs an MS Access Database.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="DatabasePath">The path of the database to be repaired.</param>
        /// <returns>A boolean value indicating success.</returns>
        public static bool RepairDatabase(string DatabasePath)
        {
            string attributes = String.Format("REPAIR_DB=\"{0}\" General\0", DatabasePath);
            return SQLConfigDataSourceW(IntPtr.Zero, RequestFlags.ODBC_ADD_DSN, MS_ACCESS_DRIVER, attributes);
        }
    }
}

VB

Imports System

Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices

Imports System.Windows.Forms

Private Enum RequestFlags As UShort

    ODBC_ADD_DSN = 1,
    ODBC_CONFIG_DSN = 2,
    ODBC_REMOVE_DSN = 3,
    ODBC_ADD_SYS_DSN = 4,
    ODBC_CONFIG_SYS_DSN = 5,
    ODBC_REMOVE_SYS_DSN = 6,
    ODBC_REMOVE_DEFAULT_DSN = 7

End Enum

<DllImport("ODBCCP32.dll",CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.WinAPI,CharSet:=CharSet.Unicode,SetLastError:=True)> _
Private Shared Function SQLConfigDataSourceW(ByVal hwndParent As IntPtr, ByVal fRequest As RequestFlags, ByVal lpszDriver As String, ByVal lpszAttributes As String) As Boolean

Private Function CreateSystemDSN() As Boolean
    Dim vAttributes As String = "DSN=My DSN Name" & Convert.ToChar(0)
    vAttributes &= "Description=My DSN Description" & Convert.ToChar(0)
    vAttributes &= "Trusted_Connection=Yes" & Convert.ToChar(0)
    vAttributes &= "Server=SQLSERVERINSTANCE" & Convert.ToChar(0)
    vAttributes &= "Database=MyDatabaseName" & Convert.ToChar(0)

    If SQLConfigDataSourceW(IntPtr.Zero, RequestFlags.ODBC_ADD_SYS_DSN, "SQL Server", vAttributes) = 0 Then
        Messagebox.Show("Failed to create ODBC data source!!")
        Return False
    End If
    Return True
End Function

Alternative Managed API:

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